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Space Facts: Part 3 - Cheapest Interplanatery Mission, Comets, Magnetic Field, Different types of Stars

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Cheapest Interplanetary Spacecraft: Mangalyaan

Mangalyaan mission cost was 450 Crore Rupees.
Rocket: PSLV-C25
Organization: ISRO
Mangalyaan spacecraft 150 Crore.
Rocket Cost: PSLV-C25: 110 Crore.
Weight of Mangalyaan: 1350 Kg, out of 1350 Kg, 500 Kg is weignt of spacecraft and rest is fuel weight.
Mangalyaan is also called Mars Orbiter Mission (MOM), Travelled for 25 days around earth changing 6 orbits, and 326 days between Earth and Mars.

Comets:

Kuiper Belt and Cloud of Urt are home to most of the comets of our solar-sysem. Some well known comets are:
1. Comet Siding Spring: Took a fly-by near Mars on October 19, 2014. 
2. Great Comet of 1980 was the first Comet Registered.
3. Haley's Comet: Passes near Earth every 75 years.
4. Comet Shoemaker Levy 9, a comet that ended up clashing with giant Jupiter! It's the first collision ever recorded by any celestial body in our solar system. When this comet was passing nearby Jupiter due to high gravity of planet, the comet got broken into pieces. Few of it fell on Jupiter and others were spread around elsewhere in space.
5. Harley 2, Comet Ison, Comet Hale-Bopp, Comet 49 Virtaman, Comet Lovjoy (Green Comet)


Magnetic Field of Mars: 

Gravitational force of Mars is 38% than that of earth, even Mars has lost it's magnetic field to some extent due to any unknown reason. Jupiter's magnetic field changes with rotation.


Different Types of Stars in Universe:

Pulsar: Crab Nebula is well-known Pulsar star.
Iota Orionis: Type O
 Color: Blue
Surface Temperature: 55000 C
Rigel: Type B
 Color: Blue-White
Surface Temperature: 36000 C
Sirius, Vega: Type A
 Color: White
Surface Temperature: 20000 C
Canopus: Type F
 Color: Yellow-White
Surface Temperature: 13500 C
Sun: Type G
 Color: Yellow
Surface Temperature: 11000
Arcturus: Type K
 Color: Orange
Surface Temperature: 7500 C
Betelgeuse: Type M
 Color: Red
Surface Temperature: 5500 C

Pistol Star is Brightest star of our Galaxy, it is blue in color. Antares is a star nearby it.

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